Market scenes in Durbar Square, Kathmandu, showing merchandise for sale and flowers sold as offerings for Hindu rituals
Courtesy Linda Galantin

Government participation (or interference) in the economy was very strong, beginning with the Rana period, which lasted from the mid-nineteenth century until the mid-twentieth century (see Rana Rule , ch. 1). During Rana rule, there were very few industries other than cottage type, and they were under strict government supervision. After the fall of the Ranas in 1950-51, economic planning as an approach to development was discussed. Finally, in 1956 the First Five-Year Plan (1956-61) was announced.

Data as of September 1991